Health Report Final - Flipbook - Page 9
Explanation of Terms Used in the Report
·
EIC (exercise induced collapse) – EIC leads to a defect in nerve communica on dur‐
ing exercise. In affected dogs, certain factors can trigger the collapse including but
not limited to, type of exercise, temperature, and excitement. EIC has led, in certain
cases, to changes in management for some dogs with a gene c predisposi on,
though not all affected animals have required such adjustments to prevent collapse
incidents.
·
PDP-1 (pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase 1) – This is an enzyme that has a key
role in cell metabolisa on, which is essen al for the conversion of food to ATP (the
main energy source of cells). PDP1 is a metabolic disorder characterised by exercise
intolerance and post-exercise collapse. There may also be neurological signs.
·
PRA (Progressive Re nal Atrophy) RPGRIP1 (crd4/cord 1) variant - Progressive
Re nal Atrophy (PRA) is an inherited disease of the re na that can lead to blindness
in some affected dogs. It usually develops over several years and the condi on usu‐
ally takes a long me to develop.
It is thought that PRA in Clumber spaniels may not cause full sight loss in all dogs
affected and may only cause par al loss or loss of visual acuity (clarity of vision) in
some dogs so may be missed.
·
Low ALT syndrome – Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is a clinical tool that can be
used by veterinarians to be er monitor liver health. This syndrome is not associat‐
ed with liver disease. ALT is one of several values veterinarian’s measure on rou ne
blood work to evaluate the liver. It is a naturally occurring enzyme located in liver
cells that helps break down protein. When the liver is damaged or inflamed, ALT is
released into the bloodstream. Dogs with this syndrome will have naturally low lev‐
els of ALT in their blood work.
·
COI (co-efficient of inbreeding) - The degree of inbreeding can be measured using a
calcula on called the coefficient of inbreeding (COI).
This calculates the probability that two copies of a gene have been inherited from
an ancestor common to both the mother and the father. The lower the degree of
inbreeding, the lower the inbreeding coefficient.
To put the COI results into perspec ve:
0% = a dog with two apparently unrelated parents (based on all available pedigree
informa on)
12.5% = the gene c equivalent of a dog produced from a grandfather to granddaughter
ma ng, or the ma ng of a half-brother/sister
25% = the gene c equivalent of a dog produced from a father to daughter ma ng, or the
ma ng of full brother/sister
More than 25% - inbreeding is accumula ve, so if it has occurred to a significant degree
over several genera ons, the inbreeding coefficient may exceed 25%.
3
